The transferred species may survive to establish a reproductive population in the host environment, becoming invasive, out-competing native species and multiplying into pest proportions.
These include bacteria, microbes, small invertebrates, eggs, cysts and larvae of various species. While ballast water is essential for safe and efficient modern shipping operations, it may pose serious ecological, economic and health problems due to the multitude of marine species carried in ships’ ballast water. Ballast water is pumped in to maintain safe operating conditions throughout a voyage. This practice reduces stress on the hull, provides transverse stability, improves propulsion and manoeuvrability, and compensates for weight changes in various cargo load levels and due to fuel and water consumption. An evaluation of how the heart works also can be done during cardiac catheterization.įor more information, talk to your doctor.Since the introduction of steel-hulled vessels, water has been used as ballast to stabilize vessels at sea. High-speed X-ray movies record the course of the dye as it flows through the arteries, and doctors can identify blockages by tracing the flow. He or she will guide a catheter through an artery in the arm or leg and into the coronary arteries, then inject a liquid dye through the catheter. In this procedure, a blood vessel is used to route blood around the blocked part of the artery, forming a kind of detour.īefore any of these procedures, a doctor must find the blocked part or parts of the coronary arteries. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery may be indicated depending on the extent of coronary artery blockages and medical history.This procedure is often followed by insertion of a stent to then keep the coronary artery vessel propped open to allow for improved blood flow to the heart muscle. Then the balloon is deflated and the catheter is withdrawn. The balloon is inflated, squeezing open the fatty plaque deposit located on the inner lining of the coronary artery. View an illustration of a cardiac catheter (link opens in new window). Briefly, this procedure involves undergoing cardiac catheterization followed by using a catheter with a small inflatable balloon at the tip. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may be required to open a blocked coronary artery.Next, based on the extent of the coronary artery blockage(s) your doctor will discuss with you the following treatment options: View an illustration of a cardiac catheterization (link opens in new window). An evaluation of how well your heart is working also can be done during cardiac catheterization. In this procedure, a catheter is guided through an artery in the arm or leg and into the coronary arteries, then injected with a liquid dye through the catheter. Rest or medicine usually do not help relieve itįirst, your healthcare provider will need to find the blocked part or parts of the coronary arteries by performing a cardiac catheterization.
Unstable angina should be treated as an emergency. Unstable angina or sometimes referred to as acute coronary syndrome causes unexpected chest pain, and usually occurs while resting. The most common cause is reduced blood flow to the heart muscle because the coronary arteries are narrowed by fatty buildups ( atherosclerosis) which can rupture causing injury to the coronary blood vessel resulting in blood clotting which blocks the flow of blood to the heart muscle. National Hypertension Control Initiative.Pets and Your Health / Healthy Bond for Life.
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